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Řízená sukcese jako východisko pro rekultivace štěrkovny Zaječí
Macenauer, Aleš
This thesis deals with possibilities of reclamation of the Zaječí gravel pit by using the principles of controlled succession. The thesis evaluates the succession potential of poplar populations in the vicinity of the gravel pit and proposes its further management for the reclamation of the northern shore of the mining lake. The thesis is based on wind flow data analysis, field investigations, literature and case studies, which are applied with respect to the specifics of the site. The result is the proposal for the reclamation of the northern shore of the Zaječí gravel pit, including management steps which will lead to the defined goal. The presented proposal provides an alternative to the planned technical and biological reclamations of the Zaječí gravel pit.
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Plant biomass production on grasslands restored on former arable land
Křivská, Aneta ; Mudrák, Ondřej (advisor) ; Bitomský, Martin (referee)
The White Carpathian meadows are among the species richest plant communities in the world, yet a large area of them has been ploughed in the past. Despite the abandonment of intensive farming and the subsequent effort to restore the original species richness of the former arable land over the last 20 years, there are still differences between the meadows which were previously used for agricultural production and the well-preserved ancient reference meadows. To understand why this is so, it may be helpful to measure the dynamics of plant biomass production over the year and whether it differs between these two types of meadows. The research was conducted in three pairs of White Carpathian meadows on two dates - at the beginning of the growing season in May and right before mowing in June 2023. In all pairs of meadows, occurring in close proximity to each other, one of the meadows was restored after previous ploughing and the other was ancient. At each meadow, I have sampled aboveground biomass in five 40 × 40 cm plots and sorted it into functional groups (graminoids, legumes, and forbs - i.e. non-leguminous dicots) and into dead biomass, dried and weighed. In average, more biomass tended to occur in the restored meadows, but this difference was formed mainly by dead biomass, which was more abundant...
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Dlouhodobé sukcesní změny vegetace na výsypkách po těžbě uranu
VEJVODOVÁ, Kateřina
Vegetation sampling was carried out on uranium post-mining spoil heaps to evaluate the changes of spontaneous vegetation development after 11 years. The study was conducted in Příbram region. The species composition, participation of vegetation groups, life forms and effect of selected enviromental fakctors were considered.
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Development of dry grassland communities during recultivation of limestone quarries
Turek, Pavel ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kladivová, Anna (referee)
My bachelor thesis is about methods of reclamation and rejuvenation of limestone limestone quarry, that are a very interesting location from an ecological point of view. I briefly pointed out the positives and negatives of individual used methods, such as reclamation, that aims to restore the vegetation cover quickly, but is very expensive and species that appear on the reclaimed locations aren't nearly as rare, as those on locations that are left to natural succession. Natural succession has the best results if the location is in close vicinity to a source of seeds. Reclaimed areas show a significantly lower biodiversity and hinder protection of rare and key species as opposed to natural succession. To avoid this, in some cases we can use smaller interventions instead of reclamation, and these interventions should be done as delicately as possible with the principles of natural succession in mind. I've noted important factors such as the microclimate, the soil conditions and the source of seeds, that can affect the succession and the legislation and waste law, that influence to a certain degree how the rejuvenation of disrupted sites proceeds.
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Various methods of soil transfer and inoculation in restoration ecology
Hurychová, Hana ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Alena (referee)
Soil translocation is a method used in restoration ecology to either salvage habitats threatened by human activity or to restore disturbed habitats. There are various factors affecting the success rate of translocation operations which include the proper selection of a receptor site, method of soil manipulation, soil stockpiling and adequate aftercare. Different methods of soil stripping distinct in their success rates and application for use in habitat restoration, mainly in regards to their effect on the resultant community composition and financial costs. Translocations can result in decrease of biodiversity, but may be a viable option for locations of high conservation value where conservation in situ is not possible, allowing for quick restoration of mature ecosystems. Thorough surveys prior to and after the operation and sufficient allocation of resources are a key factor for successful translocation of soils and the associated biota. Additional research in the fields of invasions, comparison of methods and data analysis of translocation projects may improve the utilization of this technique in the future.
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The influence of mining activities on the landscape surrounding the town Příbram
Fišerová, Šárka ; Bartoš, Michael (advisor) ; Řehounková, Klára (referee)
This diploma thesis attends to the landscape character, the methodics of the evaluation of landscape character and the influence of mining on the landscape character. Příbram, influenced by uranium mining during last century, was chosen as a model area. The aim of this thesis is a comparison of chosen methodics of the evaluation of landscape character in the term of mining district and a creation of new methodics specialized for model area. The thesis focus on the landscape character and restoration ecology in mining areas in theoretical part. There is a description of landscape character protection and preservation, also in terms of law, reclamations and uranium mining. Below, the four chosen methodics are mentioned. In practical part, the diploma thesis characterizes the model area, its history and also current situation including reclamation made. Then there are a comparison of chosen methodics of landscape character evaluation according to elected criteria and a project of methodics for to a evaluation of chosen area. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Comparison of selected traits at conspecific plants in disturbed and stressed environments localized within industrial waste deposits and their surroundings in landscape
Glier, Adam ; Kovář, Pavel (advisor) ; Štefánek, Michal (referee)
This study is oriented on the assessment of selected traits at conspecific plant which spontaneously colonize interior space within abandoned industrial area and/or deposits, and those ones occurred in adjacent vicinity. The work continues in previous studies concentrated on abandoned mine tailing containments where some important outputs consist of differences in plant adaptive strategies, growth rate, phenology, body size, ways of dispersal, ecophysiological or genetic parameters (Bryndová et Kovář 2004, Mrázek 2004, Zákravský et al. 2004, Jarolímová 2004, Kovář et al. 2004, Jiráčková et Dostál 2004, Kovář et Herben 2004, Dostál et Kovář 2013, Štefánek 2015, Urbanová et al. 2017). A part of the study includes the significance of small and large genomes at both types of habitats within defined phylogenetic framework. In other words - testing of the hypothesis: There is functional significance of small versus large genomes of plant species by comparing their occurrence in unreclaimed toxic deposits (landscape islands) with their populations from neighbouring habitats (large scale level). Key words unreclaimed industrial deposits in landscape, abandoned mine tailings, genome size, flow cytometry, conspecific taxons, plant traits, colonization, succession, disturbance, stress, restoration ecology,...
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Assessment of the rate of vegetation succession at abandoned stone quarries using dendrochronology
Derková, Nikola ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šefrna, Luděk (referee)
Dendrochronology is a reliable method of determining the age of a stand. In this thesis, dendrochronology is used to assess rate of vegetation succession in abandoned granodiorite quarries. There were selected eight localities in the study area, each with several sites. At each site there were four - five optically oldest trees selected, from which cores were taken using increment borer. A total of 79 increment cores were analyzed. The obtained age of trees was compared with known age of abandonment and a sequence of aerial photographs, showing history of sites since abandonment. As the results show, tree vegetation is attached in the area after approx. 3 - 7 years from the end of disturbance. We observe continuous stand in the area after approx. 12 years from the end of disturbance.
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Ukázková zahrada prezentující přírodní hodnoty Národního parku Podyjí
Kmecová, Kateřina
This study describes the issues of botanical gardens showing natural values of protected areas. The potential of gardens is growing bigger same as the tourism and the interest for protected areas. Aim of this study is to propose a botanical garden in Čížov, National Park (NP) Podyjí, which will present distinctive natural communities of NP. Theoretical part of the study encompass problematics of existing botanical gardens presenting natural communities. The communities are evaluated and compared with their wild counterparts. The proposal of botanical garden is based on the requirements of NP Podyjí, analyses of natural and cultural values. Focus is given mainly on families with children. The garden main goals are education, recreation and also preservation and science. The communities will hold regional gene pool, the development will be evaluated. Information system will contain stories rather than facts, so visitors can learn effectively and easily more about preservation, history and nature itself. Last part is focused on problematics of establishment and maintenance of natural wild communities. Different ways of establishment are showed. Biological, technical, legal and ethical aspects are taken into account.
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